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The Learning Scope Objectives and Questions


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3.Describe the mechanisms by which HIV can escape host immune responses.

4. Indicate the major immune defi- ciencies associated with HIV infection.

5. Explain the effects of highly active anti-retroviral therapy on the immune system in HIV-infected individuals.


Study Questions

(Use Answer Sheet at bottom)

1. The prime target for HIV is the

a. T helper cell

b. Cytotoxic T cell

c. B cell

d. Macrophage

 

2.Infection of T helper cells by HIV requires the following surface receptor(s):

a. CD4 only

b. CD4 and CXCR4

c. CD4 and CCR5

d. CD4 and either CCR5 or CCR2

 

3. CXCR4 normally functions in the body as a receptor for

a. CD4

b. cytokines

c. chemokines

d. antibodies

 

4. The effect of cytotoxic T cells (CTL) against HIV is to

a. neutralize its activity

b. lyse HIV-infected target cells

c. release cytokines which sup- press viral replication

d. both b and c

 

5.HIV-infected individuals known as typical progressors develop AIDS in a median period of:

a. 1 year

b. 2-3 years

c. 8-10 years

d. more than 10 years

6. HIV-infected individuals known as rapid progressors exhibit

a. a rapid decline in CD4+T cells

b.decreased HIV-specific CTL activityc.decreased levels of neutralizing antibodies

d. all of the above

 

7.The component of the system which correlates most closely with the level of HIV viremia is:

a.the concentration of HIV-specif-ic antibody

b.the level of HIV-specific CTL activity

c.the number of CD4+T cells in the peripheral blood

d.the number of HIV-specific B cells in the peripheral blood

 

8.Follicular dendritic cells are thought to help HIV maintain a chronic infection in the host by:

a.harboring HIV in a latent state for long periods of time

b.trapping immune complexes containing HIV in the lymph nodes

c.causing a chronic activation of CD4+T cells

d. all of the above

9. HIV is thought to kill T helper cells by

a.multiplying to high numbers within these cells

b.stimulating immune responses which destroy these cells

c.inducing programmed cell death

d. all of the above

 

10. HIV effects the immune system by causing a decline in

a. the number of CD4+T cells only

b. the number of CTL only

c. the function of the CD4+T cells only

d.the effectiveness of both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses

 

11.HIV-infected individuals become highly susceptible to opportunistic infections when their peripheral blood CD4+T cell count falls below:

a. 200/µL

b. 400/µL

c. 800/µL

d. 1000/µL

12.HIV-infected individuals are automatically reported by the Centers for Disease Control as having AIDS when their peripheral blood CD4+T cell count falls below the following cut-off value:

a. 50/µL

b. 100/µL

c. 200/µL

d. 400/µL

 

13.The most frequent opportunistic infection experienced by AIDS patients has been:

a. Pneumocystis carinii

b. Cytomegalovirus

c. Cryptococcosis

d. Toxoplasmosis

  14.Highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) consists of

a.a single reverse transcriptase inhibitor such as zidovudine

b.a single protease transcriptase inhibitor such as indinavir

c.a combination of reverse tran-scriptase inhibitors and pro-tease inhibitors

d. none of the above

 

15.Many experts feel that HAART should be initiated early on in HIV infection. This is because early treatment with HAART is thought to cause

a.a rapid increase in newly gener-ated CD4+T cells

b.a slow but steady release of CD4+T cells from the lymph nodes

c.preservation of HIV-specific CD4+T lymphocytes

d. none of the above

 

 

 

 


The Learning Scope Answer Sheet

 

ADVANCE for Medical Laboratory Professionals­May 17, 1999

ASCLS ID number (if applicable):

Name:

Street Address:

City: State: Zip:

Daytime phone number:

Credit Card Information:

Effects of HIV--0.15 CEU or 1.5 contact hours

 

To earn continuing education credit (1) complete the form above, (2) answer the questions and (3) mail this form and

$10 for ASCLS members or

$20 for non-members

to:

 

American Society for Clinical Laboratory Science

 

Sales Department, Dept. 5144

Washington, DC 20061-5144

or fax to (301) 657-2909

 

Make checks or money orders payable to ASCLS or send credit

card number and expiration date along with this form.

 

A certificate and credit will be awarded to participants who achieve a passing grade of 70 percent or better. Participants should allow eight weeks for notification of scores and receipt of certificates. PACE credits are accepted for continuing education requirements in the states of California, Florida, Louisiana, Montana, Nevada, North Dakota, Rhode Island and Tennessee. Tests may be submitted to the
ASCLS up to one year after publication in ADVANCE.

 

* I would like to receive ASCLS membership information

* I would like information on other sources of ASCLS continuing education

Survey Questions

 

Circle the correct answer:

1. Is this program used to meet your CE

requirements for:

(A) state license

(B) NCA

(C) employment

(D) other

 

2. Specialty:

(A) biochemistry/urinalysis

(B) microbiology

(C) lab administration

(D) hematology-hemostasis

(E) education

(F) immunology

(G) immunohematology

 

3. Work Place:

(A) Hospital over 500 beds

(B) Hospital 200-499 beds

(C) Hospital 100-199 beds

(D) Hospital under 100 beds

(E) Private lab

(F) Community blood bank

(G) Group practice

(H) Private physician

(I) Clinic

(J) Other

 

4. How much of this article can you

apply in practice?

(A) All

(B) Some

(C) Very little

(D) None

 

5. What subjects would you like to see

presented in The Learning Scope in

the future?

 

6. How long did it take you to complete

both the reading and the quiz?

___minutes

Multiple Choice Questions

1. A B C D

2. A B C D

3. A B C D

4. A B C D

5. A B C D

6. A B C D

7. A B C D

8. A B C D

9. A B C D

10. A B C D

11. A B C D

12. A B C D

13. A B C D

14. A B C D

The Learning Scope is copyrighted and is intended to be used only in conjunction with the ASCLS' PACE program. It may not be reproduced in part or in whole without permission of Merion Publications and the ASCLS.

The Learning Scope Objectives and Questions


Upon completion of this article, the reader should be able to :

1. Explain how HIV infects host target cells.

2. Describe one humoral and one cell-mediated immune response stimulated by HIV in the host.




     

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